Astm coal petrography pdf

Coal sampling and analysis standards united states energy. Iso micum and irsid tumbler results are used mainly in europe, while the jis tumbler data is mainly used in japan, south korea and brazil. This microphotometer is configured to measure the reflectance from. D2234d2234m practice for collection of a gross sample of coal. Referenced documents purchase separately the documents listed below are referenced within the subject standard but are not provided as part of the standard astm standards. Microscopically, the organic portion of coals is composed of individual components called.

Major groups of macerals are liptinite, vitrinite, and inertinite. References are cited for sample preparation methods. The established model was developed for vitriniterich north american coking coals to predict astm coke stability values 2, but in recent times coke strength after reaction csr and coke reactivity index cri have assumed a more important role for rating. Astm c295, petrographic examination of aggregates for. D3174 test method for ash in the analysis sample of coal and coke from coal. Prediction of coal grindability based on petrography, proximate and ultimate analysis using multiple regression and artificial neural network models. Petrographic and vitrinite reflectance analyses of a suite of high. Petrography of coal free download as powerpoint presentation.

Maceral analysis 1 scope this standard sets out a procedure for the maceral analysis of coal, aimed at obtaining the proportion of each maceral occurring within a coal, expressed as a volume percentage. Pdf in tiru valley region of mon district coals occur in barail formation and are of oligocene age. Preparation of coal samples this standard has been revised by iso 74042. Pdf the geology, petrography and mineralogy composition. British columbia s measured reserves of coking coal. Leaders in petrographic analysis when concrete mix designs and other building materials need an independent opinion, aets petrography group can perform rock and sand testing services for materials produced or used for construction, transportation systems or product development. Volatile matter and heat content are used in the astm clas sification of all coals 3.

An astm designation number identifies a unique version of an astm standard. Steel producers use petrography as an aid in the design of coking coal blends, to help in troubleshooting problemcokes, and to confirm the. In general, coal grindability characteristics reflect the coal hardness, tenacity, and fracture that are influenced by coal rank, petrography, and the distribution and types of minerals. The properties of a given coal are determined by the proportions and associations of the macerals and minerals present see iso 74043 and by the rank of the coal and thus its type, grade and rank. C the heater is turned off and the mold is pressurized to 2000 psi. Elliot, coke stability from petrographic analysis of coal based on work of shapiro and gray, chemistry of coal utilization, second supplementary volume, pp. This manual is a muchneeded revision of an earlier usgs publication, coal petrographic laboratory procedures and safety manual moore and stanton, 1985. In such a case, the purchaser and the consultant should together determine the kind, extent, and objectives of the examination and analyses to be made, and should record their agreement in writing.

Previously published curves based on coal petrography and coking data that have been used successfully in predicting the astm stability factor of coke were. Petrography results helped the engineers to decide which areas of the concrete needed to be removed and which could be repaired. Samples prepared in compliance with astm d2797 standard practice method. Fixed carbon astm d5142, iso 17246 the fixed carbon content of coal is determined by subtracting the percentages of moisture, volatile matter and ash from the original mass of the coal sample. Sgs is a global leader in coal and coke laboratory analysis. In addition, the preparation of coal for petrographic. Visual examination of coal in the seam or in large pieces shows that it is not homogeneous throughout its mass. Astm d3172 standard practice for proximate analysis. Pdf coal petrographic laboratory procedures and safety manual, ii. Petrography of coal coke fuel bituminous coal free. D3302d3302m test method for total moisture in coal. Active standard astm d7582 developed by subcommittee. Sasaki, automatic maceral analysis of lowrank coal brown coal, international journal of coal geology, 14, 12, 103, 1989.

Coal characterisation by automated coal petrography. The reflectance of the vitrinite in the coal can be used as an indicator of rank, independent of the petrographic composition. Standard guide for petrographic examination of dimension stone. Petrography of coal coke fuel bituminous coal free 30. Semiautomated petrographic assessment of coal by coal grain analysis article in minerals engineering 205. Our experienced staff can provide complete and impartial rheological property tests on your coking coals to ensure their quality and suitability for your operation. The purpose of coal petrology is to study the optically homogenous aggregates of organic matter that possess distinct physical and chemical properties scott, 2002. Coal sampling and analysis standards 4 abstract each year, billions of tonnes of coal are traded in regional and international market for use in power generation, steel and cement making, and many other purposes.

United states of america see astm d121 10 and d388 11 standards, and with. Coal petrography has also been used since the 1950s to predict coking performance. Second edition, 1963, international committee for coal and organic petrology, 2001 cd rom. Astm d249202 forms of sulfur in coal 54, 74, 94 coal astm d317702 total sulfur analysis sample of coal and coke 601, 94 coal and coke astm d6 washability characteristics of coal floatsink 615 coke treatment facilities astm d526393 degree of oxidation in bituminous coal by alkali extraction 74, 94 coal. Crossref jin kuili, xia jian and hao duohu, the use of automated coal petrography in determining maceral group composition and the reflectance of vitrinite, international journal of coal geology. All these properties are influenced by coal rank, petrography, and the type and distribution of minerals sun and horsfield, 2005. The lithology of coal as defined by the american society for testing and materials astm is the term used to describe the coal bed or seam and its structural aspects which are obtained from macroscopic and microscopic observations of coal. Chemical analyses and physical properties of 12 coal samples. Active standard astm c295 c295m developed by subcommittee. The reflectance of the vitrinite in the coal can be used as an indicator.

Standard test methods for proximate analysis of coal and. Effects of chemical composition and petrography of coal for coalbed methane evaluation with special reference to insitu gas content b. In methods of optical microscopy, for example, the specimen may be viewed in air or in immersion. The mixture is further inserted into the mold and heated to 200 c. Introduction coal grindability is a complex property related to coal hardness, strength, tenacity and fracture. Although the technique is still in the development stage it does demonstrate the potential use of image analysers in coal petrography. Figure 3 examples of equipment for manual sampling shown in iso 18283.

Preliminary evaluation of a new method for quantitative characterization of the petrographic constituents of coal is described. Microscopical determination of the maceral composition of coal astm, 2007. Since this is an empirical analysis, the dwell times. Pdf petrographic and geochemical characterization of. Petrographic analysis for concrete begins by accepting an aggregate for use in concrete astm c295. Petrographic characterization of coal using automatic image.

Astm d2799 standard test method for microscopical. Coal petrography specifically deals with the analysis of microscopic constituents in coal. Coal petrography is a microscopic technique used to determine a coals rank degree of coalification and type amount and category of macerals. Coal petrography coal petrography is a microscopic technique used to determine a coals rank degree of coalification and type amount and type of macerals on polished specimens of minus 20 mesh prepared coal. Confidence level high, fair, or poor based on the quality of om particles, number of measurements, and toc content. Astm d5142 standard test methods for proximate analysis of the analysis sample of coal and coke by instrumental procedures withdrawn 2010 ashcoalcoke. Coal macerals have different colors and fluorescence intensities and can be identified under the microscope. The new standard was successfully balloted at the astm d05. Determination of the maceral composition of coal petrographic analysis light microscopy bituminous coal. The 12 coal channel samples were obtained from 5 coal beds that span about 244 m or 800 ft of stratigraphic section in the pocahontas and new river formations of early pennsylvanian age. Standard practice for preparing coal samples for analysis. The efficiency is dependent, among others, on coal quality parameters, since the efficiency of the boiler is a. Paper open access the effect of coal petrology on the.

Effects of chemical composition and petrography of coal for. Effects of chemical composition and petrography of coal. Semiautomated petrographic assessment of coal by coal. Coal petrography is a microscopic technique used to determine a coal s rank degree of coalification and type amount and category of macerals. The standard used was recommended by the international committee for coal petrography in falcon and snyman 2001, astm standards 2009 consisting of coal sample preparation. Recent research on the origin of coal macerals is presented and there is a discussion of the problems and challenges facing coal petrologists.

Erth 3117 coal geology and petrology section lecture. Goals, accomplishments, and limitations of petrographic. Pdf coal petrographic laboratory procedures and safety. Csr, or coke strength after reaction with c02, has become the more important means of evaluating the quality of coking coal and of controlling blast furnace performance within pacific rim steelproducing countries, and is now a principal criterion by which coals are selected to make blast furnace coke. Devraju3 summary coalbed methane cbm or coalbed gas has gained considerable ground as an unconventional source of energy in the recent past.

Fusible inertinites in coking coals pearson coal petrography. Pdf prediction of coal grindability based on petrography. Petrography enables the optical consideration of coal and carbon via which the evolution of char structures, and hence the changes during the carbon conversion process, can be determined. Petrographic characterization of coal using automatic. The maceral content significantly affects char formation, which is also affected by the role of temperature, pressure, residence time, and particle size zhuo et al.

British columbia s measured reserves of coking coal contain. The classification of coal macerals is set out in appendix a. Petrography is a branch of geology that is applied to concrete and concrete raw materials. Coal petrography coal petrography is a microscopic technique used to determine a coals rank degree of coalification and type amount and class of macerals. A multipleregression analysis of coal quality ver sus price shows how the value of coking coal in the japanese market appears to be related to reflectance and the free swell ing index, and confirms the economic viability of the classification. Despite the name change, astm coal standards are mainly adopted in the usa and canada. Petrographic analysis is performed to characterize coals eg exploration programs, to confirm expectations of coals eg. Proximate analysis of coal and coke using the sta 8000.

Prediction of coal grindability based on petrography. Coating failure the interior surface of this concrete sewer pipe had been treated with a coal tar epoxy coating that was failing and delaminating in large sheets. D3173d3173m test method for moisture in the analysis sample of coal and coke. This technique examines and evaluates the optical properties and microstructural characteristics of the materials. International journal of coal geology 50 2002 389412 dynamic loading either in the form of shatter tests astm d3038, where breakage occurs by impact. D20d20m practice for preparing coal samples for analysis. Nov 02, 2014 petrographic analysis is performed to characterize coals eg exploration programs, to confirm expectations of coals eg. Macerals in coal are analogous to minerals in igneous rocks and are determined by examining polished specimens of minus 20 mesh prepared coal. D3180 practice for calculating coal and coke analyses from asdetermined to different bases. This differs from other coal petrography imaging methods in that a mask is used to remove the pixels of mounting resin and consequently compositional information is obtained on each individual grain within each image. Coal petrography is the study of the organic constituents of sedimentary rocks, originally, by optical microscopy of thin sections transmitted light or of polished blocks reflected light unsworth et al. D346 practice for collection and preparation of coke samples for laboratory analysis. Rim of an algal body surrounding pyrite under uv light.

Paper presented at the meeting of the international committee of coal petrographic nomenclature in madrid, spain, oct. It can be performed in conjunction with tests listed in astm c33, specification for concrete aggregates, or conducted independently as an indicator of general aggregate quality. Predicting coke stability from petrographic analysis of illinois coals. Astm coal maceral classification photomicrograph atlas. Proximate analysis is used commonly in gross industrial applications such. The development of new sample preparation and analysis techniques has necessitated both an overhaul of many established procedures and the adoption of new ones. Sgs can provide a full range of coal, coke, and byproduct petrographic services. Coal samples were analyzed for organic composition according to astm d 2799. Introduction coal includes chemical energy that is converted at a power plant into electric energy with determined efficiency. Data collection in compliance with astm d7708 standard test method minimum 20 measurements.

Producers and users of coal and coke rely on sgs, an industry leader in coal petrology, for independent, globally recognized coal petrographic analysis. The coalpro iii optical petrography system from craic technologies is a microphotometer designed for the organic petrographic analysis using standard test methodologies iso 74045 and astm d2798. The appropriate astm standard number is noted at the beginning of these procedures. Pearson coal petrography provides microscopic evaluations of coking coals, steam coals, metallurgical cokes, and carbons, from stateoftheart laboratories located in canada, the united states, and australia. An alternative imaging method called coal grain analysis has been developed for performing routine coal petrography assessment. D4749 test method for performing the sieve analysis of coal and designating coal size. In commercial operations, the price of coal not only. Sampling techniques are described by specific iso standards, as well as national standards such as astm, sans, etc. Coalpro for vitrinite reflectance craic technologies. Astm c295 is one component of a testing program to assess the suitability of an aggregate for use in concrete. Coal petrography article about coal petrography by the free.

Fusible inertinites in coking coals david pearson, david e. Coal rank, grade and type coal classification coal type a classification of coal. A holistic approach to studies of the origin of coal and coal macerals, which includes not only petrographic but also chemical and biological studies, is advocated. Coal petrography digital imaging system astm coke tumbler. Petrographic analysis coal petrography coal petrography is a microscopic technique used to determine a coal. Astmd5142 standard test methods for proximate analysis of. Astm stability and hardness determinations are used primarily in the us. Petrography is used by coal producers to evaluate the nature of coal deposits, to confirm the quality of vessel or train cargoes, and to show the uniqueness of a specific product relative to another. The usgs organic petrology laboratory has participated in the coaltech petrographic exercise continuously since 2005.